Abstract

This research was lead in the lath house of Agriculture faculty, University of Al-Qasim Green, during the 2025 season to appraise the effects paper spray of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) root extract and soil appeals of garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract on vegetative growing and selected biochemical characters of due citrus species. pair citrus types, (Citrus aurantium L.) sour orange and (Citrus reticulata Blanco) mandarin, were included in the research. Typical horticultural performs, including soil cultivation, weeding and irrigation, were performed rendering to recommended guidelines. The experimentation involved twofold main factors which citrus species and plant extracts. Treatments consisted of garlic extract soil application at 5 g L⁻¹ and licorice root extract foliar spraying at 10 g L⁻¹. Both treatment was applied three times. Two growth periods (spring and autumn) per season across The experiment was arranged in RCBD a Randomized Complete Block Design, and variances among treatments were assessed at a chance level of 0.05. Data were statistically analyzed using GENESTAT software. The results showed the Soil application of garlic extract significantly outperformed foliar application of licorice root extract in most vegetative and biochemical parameters during both seasons. Garlic extract treatment recorded the highest mean values for stem length (81.5 cm), stem diameter (4.95 mm), number of branches (14.52 branches seedling⁻¹), and total flavonoid content (1.535 mg g⁻¹ dry weight). In contrast, licorice extract treatments resulted in comparatively lower values for these traits. However, foliar application of licorice root extract significantly enhanced leaf area, reaching 382.78 cm², whereas garlic extract recorded lower values for this trait. The regarding species response, sour orange exhibited a significantly greater stem diameter (4.88 mm), while mandarin significantly excelled in number of branches (14.60 branches seedling⁻¹) and leaf area (377.82 cm²). The communication between citrus species and plant extracts exposed significant effects on furthermost traits. The mixture of sour orange with garlic extract produced the maximum stem diameter (5.83 mm) and stem length (82.6 cm). In the meantime, garlic extract mutual with mandarin caused in the highest branches number (16.87 branches seedling⁻¹) and leaves number (136.3 leaves seedling⁻¹). Contrariwise, extract of licorice root united with sour orange significantly improved leaf area (458.72 cm²). for the interaction between licorice extract and mandarin in leaf chlorophyll content No significant lead was practical, which reached 64.8 SPAD units. General, the results indicate that extract of garlic, chiefly when applied to soil, a prominent role plays in ornamental growth vegetativtion and traits certain biochemical in citrus, whereas extract of licorice root is extra effective in refining leaf area under the conditions.